Tribal communities, often referred to as indigenous peoples, play a significant role in India's social and cultural fabric. Understanding these communities involves recognizing their unique identities, challenges, and contributions to society

Definition and Classification

1. Definition of Tribal Communities

i.Tribal Communities Defined: Tribal communities are groups of people who are recognized as the original inhabitants of a particular region, often living in distinct socio-cultural settings with unique customs, languages, and social practices. They maintain a close relationship with nature and are characterized by distinct social, economic, and political structures.

a:Legal Recognition: In India, tribal communities are officially recognized as Scheduled Tribes under Article 342 of the Indian Constitution. This classification grants them specific rights and protections aimed at preserving their heritage and promoting their development.

b:Criteria for Classification: The criteria for identifying Scheduled Tribes include geographical isolation, distinctive culture, economic backwardness, and political marginalization. The government uses these criteria to provide targeted benefits and support to tribal communities.

2. Classification of Tribal Communities

i.Scheduled Tribes (STs): The Constitution of India classifies certain tribal communities as Scheduled Tribes, entitling them to affirmative action and special provisions to address historical disadvantages.