Definition and Understanding

Corruption is a pervasive and deeply entrenched issue in India that significantly affects governance, economic growth, and social equity. It refers to the misuse of public power for private gain, often involving bribery, embezzlement, fraud, nepotism, and favouritism. In the Indian context, corruption manifests in various forms and sectors, impacting public life, business practices, and governmental operations.

1. Definition of Corruption

i.General Definition: Corruption is the abuse of entrusted power for private gain. It involves a range of activities, including bribery, embezzlement, influence peddling, nepotism, fraud, extortion, and favouritism. Transparency International defines corruption as the misuse of public office for private gain.

ii.Legal Definition in India: According to the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988, corruption is defined as any act by a public servant that constitutes acceptance or solicitation of illegal gratification, misappropriation of property, obtaining a valuable thing without consideration, obtaining a pecuniary advantage, or misusing official position.

2. Understanding Corruption in India

i.Historical Context

a:Corruption has deep roots in India's socio-political landscape, dating back to colonial times when bureaucratic and administrative systems were established to serve colonial interests. These systems often lacked transparency and accountability, laying the groundwork for corrupt practices.