Definition and Concept

Definition: Regionalism is a political ideology and social movement that focuses on the interests, culture, and identity of a specific region within a country. It emphasizes the distinctiveness of a region in terms of its historical, cultural, linguistic, economic, and geographical aspects. Regionalism seeks to promote the rights and autonomy of the region and often advocates for greater political and economic power for regional authorities.

Concept: Regionalism can manifest in various forms, ranging from demands for greater administrative and fiscal autonomy within the existing national framework to movements for complete secession and the formation of an independent state. It can be driven by perceived neglect or exploitation by the central government, economic disparities, cultural preservation, and the desire for more localized governance.

Regionalism vs. Nationalism

1.Focus and Identity

Regionalism: Centres on the identity and interests of a specific region. It prioritizes regional culture, language, and economic needs over those of the broader nation. Regionalism often emerges from a sense of distinct identity and pride in regional heritage, as well as perceived economic or political marginalization.

Nationalism: Centres on the identity and interests of the entire nation. It emphasizes national unity, sovereignty, and the collective interests of all regions within the country. Nationalism seeks to create a cohesive national identity that transcends regional differences.

2.Political Goals