Environmental movements in post-independence India have played a crucial role in shaping the country's environmental policies and consciousness. These movements emerged as grassroots responses to the rapid industrialization, deforestation, and environmental degradation that accompanied India's economic development. Driven by the efforts of local communities, activists, and non-governmental organizations, these movements have sought to protect natural resources, preserve biodiversity, and ensure sustainable development. By advocating for the rights of marginalized groups and emphasizing the interconnectedness of ecological and social issues, these movements have significantly influenced both public opinion and governmental action towards environmental conservation in India.

Pre-History

The roots of environmental consciousness in India can be traced back to ancient times.

Traditional practices and cultural beliefs emphasized the sanctity of natural resources.

Ancient scriptures, such as the Vedas, highlighted the importance of preserving nature.

Indigenous communities followed sustainable practices that ensured ecological balance.

Examples include the Bishnoi community in Rajasthan, known for their conservation efforts dating back to the 15th century, particularly the protection of trees and wildlife.