GS2 - schedules of indian constitution

Schedule

Subject Matter

Description

Related Articles

First Schedule

Territories of India

Lists the territories of India, including the names of all States and Union Territories. It also outlines the territories that may be acquired in the future. This Schedule is essential for defining the geographical boundaries of the country.

Article 1-4

Second Schedule

Salaries and Emoluments

Specifies the salaries, allowances, and privileges of various public officials such as the President, Vice President, Governors, Judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts, Comptroller and Auditor General of India, and other officials. This ensures transparency and regulation of the remuneration of high-ranking officials.

Articles 59, 65, 75, 97, 125, 148, 158, 164, 186, 221

Third Schedule

Forms of Oaths and Affirmations

Contains the forms of oaths and affirmations to be taken by various public officials before assuming their offices. These include the President, Vice President, Ministers, Members of Parliament, Members of State Legislatures, Judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts, and Comptroller and Auditor General of India. This Schedule ensures that officials commit to upholding the Constitution and discharging their duties faithfully.

Articles 75(4), 99, 124(6), 148(2), 164(3), 188, 219

Fourth Schedule

Allocation of Seats in the Rajya Sabha

Specifies the allocation of seats in the Rajya Sabha (Council of States) to various States and Union Territories. The allocation is based on the population of each State, ensuring proportional representation of the states in the upper house of Parliament.

Article 4, 80(2), 80(3)

Fifth Schedule

Administration of Tribal Areas

Provides for the administration and control of Scheduled Areas and Scheduled Tribes in any State except the States in the Northeast. It includes provisions for the establishment of Tribal Advisory Councils and the role of Governors in these areas to ensure the protection of the rights and interests of tribal communities.

Article 244

Sixth Schedule

Administration of Tribal Areas in the North East

Provides for the administration of tribal areas in Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, and Mizoram. It includes provisions for the establishment of Autonomous District Councils and Regional Councils, which have legislative, judicial, and executive powers to administer these areas. This Schedule aims to preserve the customs and social practices of the indigenous communities.

Article 244, 275

Seventh Schedule

Union List, State List, and Concurrent List

Divides the powers of governance between the Union and the States through three lists: Union List (subjects under the exclusive legislative power of Parliament), State List (subjects under the exclusive legislative power of State Legislatures), and Concurrent List (subjects under the joint legislative power of Parliament and State Legislatures). This Schedule delineates the distribution of powers and responsibilities to ensure a balanced federal structure.

Article 246, 254

Eighth Schedule

Languages

Recognizes 22 official languages of India, including Hindi, English, and regional languages such as Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Odia, Punjabi, Assamese, and others. This Schedule promotes linguistic diversity and the development of these languages through various measures and institutions.

Article 344(1), 351

Ninth Schedule

Validation of Certain Acts and Regulations

Originally added by the First Amendment in 1951 to protect land reform and other laws included in it from judicial review. It lists laws that are exempt from being challenged and invalidated on the grounds of violation of fundamental rights. This Schedule aims to ensure the implementation of certain reforms without interference from the judiciary.

Article 31B

Tenth Schedule

Anti-Defection Provisions

Added by the 52nd Amendment in 1985, it contains provisions to disqualify Members of Parliament and State Legislatures on the grounds of defection to another party. This Schedule aims to maintain the stability of governments and ensure that elected representatives remain loyal to the party on whose ticket they were elected.

Articles 102(2), 191(2)

Eleventh Schedule

Powers, Authority, and Responsibilities of Panchayats

Added by the 73rd Amendment in 1992, it details the powers and responsibilities of Panchayats (rural local governments). It includes 29 subjects over which the Panchayats have jurisdiction, such as agriculture, land improvement, irrigation, animal husbandry, fisheries, social forestry, rural housing, drinking water, and poverty alleviation programs. This Schedule aims to strengthen local self-governance and ensure the effective implementation of rural development schemes.

Article 243G

Twelfth Schedule

Powers, Authority, and Responsibilities of Municipalities

Added by the 74th Amendment in 1992, it details the powers and responsibilities of Municipalities (urban local governments). It includes 18 subjects such as urban planning, regulation of land use, roads and bridges, water supply, public health, sanitation, fire services, urban forestry, protection of the environment, and promotion of cultural, educational, and aesthetic aspects. This Schedule aims to enhance urban governance and ensure the provision of essential services and infrastructure in urban areas.

Article 243W