To meet the increasing food demands, it's essential to improve crop yields. Different crops provide us with various nutrients necessary for our diet:

1.Cereals: Wheat, rice, maize, millets, and sorghum are rich in carbohydrates, which provide energy.

2.Pulses: Gram (chana), pea (matar), black gram (urad), green gram (moong), pigeon pea (arhar), and lentil (masoor) are excellent sources of protein.

3.Oil Seeds: Soybean, groundnut, sesame, castor, mustard, linseed, and sunflower are rich in fats.

4.Vegetables, Spices, and Fruits: These provide vitamins, minerals, proteins, carbohydrates, and fats in small amounts.

5.Fodder Crops: Berseem, oats, and sudan grass are grown as food for livestock.

Climatic Conditions and Crop Growth

Different crops require specific climatic conditions, temperatures, and photoperiods (duration of sunlight) for optimal growth and completion of their life cycles. Sunlight is crucial as it is used by plants to manufacture food through photosynthesis. Based on their growing seasons, crops are categorized into: