Introduction

Animal husbandry is the agricultural practice of breeding and raising livestock, essential for farmers and a blend of science and art. This field encompasses the care and breeding of various animals, including buffaloes, cows, pigs, horses, cattle, sheep, camels, goats, poultry, and fisheries. These animals provide products like milk, eggs, meat, wool, silk, and honey, crucial for human consumption and industry.

India and China together hold more than 70% of the world's livestock population. However, their contribution to global farm produce is only 25%, indicating low productivity per unit. To improve the quality and productivity of livestock, it is necessary to employ both traditional practices and modern technologies.

Dairy Farm Management

Dairying involves managing animals for milk production and its by-products. Effective dairy farm management includes several key elements:

1.Selection of Breeds: The choice of breed is crucial for productivity. Breeds with high yielding potential and resistance to diseases, suitable for the local climate, are preferred. For example, in India, high-yielding breeds like Holstein Friesian and Jersey are often used.

2.Care and Housing: Proper housing conditions are essential to ensure the well-being of the animals. Adequate space, ventilation, and clean water supply are necessary to maintain health and productivity. The animals must be kept disease-free, with regular vaccinations and health checks.