Demography is the scientific study of human populations, focusing on their size, structure, and distribution. The term ‘demography’ is derived from the Greek words ‘demos’, meaning “people”, and ‘graphein’, meaning “describe”. In essence, demography describes the characteristics and trends of populations.

Key Concepts In Demography

1.Size: Refers to the total number of people in a particular region or country.

2.Structure: Focuses on the composition of the population, like age, gender, and other socio-economic factors.

3.Distribution: Observes how the population is spread across a specific area.

Factors Studied

1.Births, Deaths, Migration: Demography looks at how these factors influence population growth and movement.

2.Population Composition: Examines different sections of the population, like the proportion of males to females or young to old.