UNDERSTANDING SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
In the functionalist view, social institutions are mechanisms that exist to meet the collective needs of a society. They are a set of roles, norms, and practices that arise to fulfil essential functions. For example, the family as an institution provides emotional support, caregiving, and socialisation. The education system is designed to impart knowledge, prepare individuals for work, and cultivate social skills.
Examples
1.Family: The family offers a nurturing environment where children can grow and develop. It provides emotional and financial support. However, it can also be limiting in terms of enforcing gender roles or familial expectations.
2.Education: Educational institutions can offer opportunities for upward mobility and personal development. However, they can also perpetuate social inequalities if resources and opportunities are unequally distributed.
The conflict perspective argues that social institutions operate primarily to serve the interests of the dominant groups in society. These groups exert their influence to shape laws, policies, and cultural norms in a way that preserves their own advantage.
Examples