The Mauryan Empire, rising to prominence in the 4th century BCE, was marked by religious and social upheavals, primarily due to the emergence of Buddhism and Jainism. These faiths provided a counter-narrative to the varna and jati systems prevalent in Hinduism. Under the rule of Ashoka, Buddhism received significant royal patronage, and diverse forms of religious practices — like ‘Yaksha’worship — became assimilated into Buddhism and Jainism.

Significance Of Pillars

The tradition of erecting pillars, although not unique to the Mauryan Empire, was significant for multiple reasons. The Mauryan pillars differed notably from the Achaemenian ones. While the latter were constructed in pieces, the Mauryan pillars were carved from single pieces of rock, a testament to the remarkable skill of Mauryan artisans.

Ashoka erected pillars throughout his empire, particularly in the northern regions. These pillars often featured inscriptions that provide valuable historical and cultural insights. The pillars served not just as a form of public communication but also as monumental art.

Capital Figures

The top of these pillars typically featured capital figures like the bull, lion, or elephant. These figures were often robust, signifying strength and majesty. They stood on a square or circular abacus, further decorated with stylised lotuses, indicating the importance of both aesthetics and symbolism in Mauryan art.