Changing Landscape After 1919

The period after 1919 witnessed a transformation in the Indian national movement. It expanded its reach to include new geographical areas and social groups and developed new methods of political resistance.

Economic And Political Changes

The First World War had deep economic implications for India. Increased defence expenditures led to rising taxes and a boom in war loans. Inflation was rampant, making life harder for the common man. Villages were compelled to provide soldiers, which bred resentment. Added to this, the country faced food shortages due to crop failures, and a devastating influenza epidemic led to millions of deaths.

The Birth Of Satyagraha And Gandhi’s Leadership

Mahatma Gandhi’s return to India in 1915 marked a turning point in the struggle for freedom. His introduction of the nonviolent form of protest known as ‘Satyagraha’ revolutionised the Indian freedom movement.

The Idea Of Satyagraha