WATER RESOURCES
1.Unequal Distribution: Water availability varies by region, not just because of natural factors like rainfall and geography, but also due to human activities like dam construction or diverting water for agriculture.
2.Over-Exploitation: The content points out that water resources are being depleted due to excessive use, primarily for agriculture. In India, agriculture consumes the majority of water, often leading to falling groundwater levels.
3.Industrialisation And Urbanisation: Post-independence India’s rapid industrialisation has put immense pressure on water resources. Industries are major consumers of water, and they also contribute to pollution.
4.Hydroelectric Power: About 22% of India’s electricity comes from hydroelectric power, further contributing to water usage.
5.Urban Centres: The rapid growth of cities and an increasingly urban lifestyle demand more water, exacerbating scarcity.
6.Quality Vs. Quantity: Water scarcity is not just about the lack of water but also about the quality. Polluted water, although abundant, is not fit for consumption or agriculture.