Post-Guru Gobind Singh Era

1.Banda Bahadur's Revolt: Following the murder of Guru Gobind Singh, the last Sikh Guru, Banda Bahadur led a significant revolt against Mughal authority during the reign of Bahadur Shah. This period marked the emergence of the Sikhs as a notable military force challenging the Mughal Empire.

2.Execution of Banda Bahadur: Banda Bahadur's capture and execution by Mughal Emperor Farrukhsiyar in 1716 momentarily leaderless the Sikh community, leading to internal divisions.

Division and Reunification

1.Bandai and Tat Khalsa: The Sikh community split into two factions: the Bandai (liberal) and Tat Khalsa (Orthodox), reflecting ideological differences within the community.

2.Unification under Bhai Mani Singh: The rift was healed under the guidance of Bhai Mani Singh by 1721, marking a significant step towards consolidating Sikh unity and identity.

Dal Khalsa and the Formation of Misls

1.Formation of Dal Khalsa: In 1784, Kapur Singh Faizullapuria organized the Sikhs under Dal Khalsa, aiming to unite Sikhs across political, cultural, and economic dimensions. Dal Khalsa was structured into Budha Dal and Taruna Dal, representing the veterans and the youth, respectively.