James Andrew Broun-Ramsay, the Earl of Dalhousie, assumed the role of Governor-General of India in 1848, succeeding Lord Hardinge, and embarked on a tenure characterized by significant territorial expansions and profound reforms. Coming from an aristocratic Scottish background and with prior experience as President of the Board of Trade, Dalhousie was distinguished by his industrious nature and attention to detail. At the relatively young age of 36, he was seen as well-suited for the challenges of governing British India.

Annexation Of Punjab

Prelude to Annexation

1.Revolt of Mul Raj: The situation escalated with the revolt of Mul Raj, the Governor of Multan, challenging British influence. The murder of two British officers, Vans Agnew and Lieutenant Anderson, by Multan sepoys ignited further hostilities.

2.Rising Tensions: The Sikh Governor of Hazara's rebellion and the rallying of Punjabis under Mul Raj's banner transformed the conflict into a national war against British dominance in Punjab.

3.Alliance with Dost Muhammad: The Sikhs secured the support of Dost Muhammad, the Amir of Afghanistan, by ceding Peshawar, indicating the broader regional implications of the conflict.

The Second Sikh War