The early history of newspapers in India is a fascinating tale of struggle, expression, and the complex interplay between power and the press. This history begins with James Augustus Hickey, who is often recognized as the father of Indian journalism, and extends through the birth of various publications in the late 18th century

The Birth of Indian Journalism: James Augustus Hickey and The Bengal Gazette

In 1780, James Augustus Hickey launched India's first newspaper, “The Bengal Gazette” or Calcutta General Advertiser. This weekly publication marked the beginning of journalism in India. However, Hickey's venture was more than just a news outlet; it was a platform for outspoken criticism and satire directed at the British colonial officials, including the Governor-General and the Chief Justice.

Government Backlash and the Seizure of the Press

Hickey's confrontational style and his unflinching willingness to criticize the government quickly drew ire from the colonial authorities. By 1782, the government had seen enough: they seized Hickey's press and put an end to "The Bengal Gazette". This incident highlighted the lack of freedom and the risks associated with the press during this time.

The Emergence of New Publications

Despite the crackdown on Hickey's publication, his pioneering efforts had set a precedent, and the late 1780s saw the emergence of new newspapers such as:

1.The Calcutta Gazette (1784): Avoiding Hickey's confrontational approach, this publication managed to survive by steering clear of direct conflict with the authorities.