INDIA’S NEIGHBOURHOOD RELATIONS
Introduction
India’s neighbourhood relations are a vital component of its foreign policy, given its central location in South Asia and its historical, cultural, and economic ties with its neighbouring countries. These relations are shaped by India’s strategic importance in the region, its historical interactions with neighbours, and the key principles guiding its diplomatic approach
Overview
India occupies a pivotal position in South Asia, both geographically and politically. Its central location, large population, and economic strength make it a key player in regional affairs.
1.Geopolitical Influence: India shares land borders with China, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, and Myanmar, and maritime boundaries with Sri Lanka and the MaldivesThis strategic location allows India to play a central role in the security and stability of the region. India's control over major sea routes in the Indian Ocean also enhances its influence in maritime security.
2.Economic Dominance: As the largest economy in South Asia, India accounts for over 80% of the region’s GDPIndia’s economic strength offers opportunities for trade and investment for its neighbours, making it a natural hub for regional economic integration. The South Asian Free Trade Area (SAFTA) and initiatives like SAARC and BIMSTEC provide platforms for economic cooperation.
3.Security Provider: India’s military capabilities, particularly its naval power in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR), make it a key security provider in South Asia. India’s role in maintaining regional stability, through counterterrorism efforts, disaster relief operations, and peacekeeping initiatives, underscores its strategic importance in the region.