ACHIEVEMENTS OF INDIANS IN SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; INDIGENIZATION OF TECHNOLOGY AND DEVELOPING NEW TECHNOLOGY
India's history in science and technology (S&T) is a testament to its advanced intellectual and cultural development over millennia. From ancient achievements in astronomy, medicine, and mathematics to modern innovations in space exploration, information technology, and biotechnology, India has been a global contributor to scientific progress
1.Indus Valley Civilization (c. 3300–1300 BCE)
i.Urban Planning and Architecture: The cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro were marvels of ancient urban design. Their grid-like layouts, advanced drainage systems, and standardized brick sizes reflect sophisticated engineering and planning.
ii.Metallurgy and Craftsmanship: Evidence of bronze and copper tools, jewellery, and pottery demonstrates expertise in material science and craftsmanship.
Example: The Great Bath at Mohenjo-Daro showcased advanced water management techniques, with provisions for water storage, drainage, and public utility.
2.Vedic Age (c. 1500–600 BCE)