Definition and Concept

Globalization refers to the increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of the world's economies, societies, and cultures, driven by advancements in technology, communication, and transportation. It facilitates the free flow of goods, services, capital, information, and people across borders, resulting in the integration of markets and the proliferation of global cultural and economic exchanges.

For example, multinational corporations like Apple and Google operate seamlessly across continents, leveraging global supply chains. Similarly, cultural products such as Hollywood movies and K-pop have found audiences worldwide, symbolizing the cultural aspect of globalization.

Historical Evolution of Globalization

Globalization is not a new phenomenon but has evolved over centuries:

1.Early Globalization (Pre-19th Century)

Global trade routes like the Silk Road connected Asia, Europe, and Africa.

Colonialism marked a significant phase, where European powers established economic and political dominance over other regions, creating early forms of global economic integration.