1.Historical Context: The late 19th and early 20th centuries were crucial in the Indian struggle against British colonialism, especially after the 1905 partition of Bengal, a strategy by Lord Curzon that intensified nationalist sentiments.
2.Growth of Militant Nationalism: This period witnessed a transition from moderate to more radical forms of nationalism, known as militant nationalism. Indians disillusioned by ineffective peaceful protests began advocating for stronger, more assertive actions against British rule.
1.Awareness and Political Training: The national movement was pivotal in making people aware of the detriments of foreign rule and instilling a sense of patriotism. It also educated the Indian elite, preparing them for leadership and activism.
2.Cultural and Social Awakening: There was a revival of Indian culture and heritage, promoting national unity and identity, countering the cultural erosion imposed by British dominance.
1.Failure to Reconcile: The British government's refusal to meet nationalist demands led to a significant disenchantment among Indians, especially those who had initially pursued peaceful reforms.