Definition and Types of Federalism

Federalism is a system of governance where authority and power are constitutionally divided between a central government and its constituent units, such as states or provinces. The hallmark of federalism is the coexistence of two levels of government operating independently in their respective domains but united under a common legal framework. The primary objective of federalism is to balance power-sharing between the centre and states, ensuring efficiency, accountability, and regional autonomy.

Key Features of Federalism

1.Constitutional Division of Powers: Clearly delineated responsibilities between the centre and the states.

2.Supremacy of the Constitution: Both levels of government derive their authority from a written constitution.

3.Independent Judiciary: To resolve disputes between levels of government.

4.Dual Revenue Streams: Both levels have independent taxation powers for financial autonomy.

Types of Federalism