Introduction

The Wildlife Protection Act of 1972 is a landmark piece of legislation enacted by the Government of India to ensure the protection and conservation of wildlife and their habitats across the country. It provides a legal framework for the protection of various species of animals and plants, regulating hunting, trade, and commerce in wildlife, and the establishment and management of protected areas. The Act was introduced in response to the alarming decline in the populations of various wildlife species due to habitat destruction, poaching, and other human activities. It aims to safeguard biodiversity and ensure the ecological balance of the environment.

Provisions

Protection of Wildlife

The Act prohibits the hunting of any wild animal specified in Schedules I, II, III, and IV, except under certain circumstances, such as for scientific research, education, or when an animal becomes dangerous to human life or property.

Special provisions are made for the protection of specified plants listed in Schedule VI, restricting their picking, uprooting, or destruction.

Regulation of Trade and Commerce in Wildlife

The Act regulates the trade and commerce of wild animals, animal articles, and trophies. It prohibits the trade of animals listed in Schedule I and parts of animals listed in Schedule II.