Overview of Climate Change

Climate change refers to significant and lasting changes in the global climate patterns over extended periods. The primary driver of contemporary climate change is the increase in greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) due to human activities like fossil fuel combustion, deforestation, and industrial processes. This anthropogenic contribution leads to global warming, where the Earth's average surface temperature rises. Key consequences of climate change include:

1.Rising temperatures: Average global temperatures have increased by approximately 1.2°C since the late 19th century.

2.Extreme weather events: There is an increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, including heatwaves, droughts, floods, and hurricanes.

3.Melting ice caps and glaciers: Accelerated melting of polar ice caps and glaciers contributes to rising sea levels.

4.Ocean acidification: Increased CO2 absorption by oceans results in higher acidity, affecting marine life.

5.Ecosystem disruption: Altered climate patterns impact biodiversity, leading to shifts in species distributions and the health of ecosystems.