AGRICULTURE AND ANIMAL HUSBANDRY IN INDIA
Agriculture, broadly defined, is the science and art of cultivating plants and livestock. In India, agriculture is not merely an economic activity; it is a way of life that underpins the social and cultural fabric of the nation. As of 2023, approximately 58% of India's population depends on agriculture for their livelihood, making it the primary source of employment in the country.
The importance of agriculture in India is multifaceted
1.Economic Contribution: Agriculture contributes about 17-18% to India's Gross Domestic Product (GDP). While this percentage has decreased over the years due to the growth of the industrial and service sectors, the absolute value has increased, reflecting the sector's sustained growth.
2.Food Security: With a population exceeding 1.3 billion, agriculture is crucial for ensuring food security. India is one of the world's largest producers of staples like rice and wheat, essential for feeding its vast population.
3.Raw Materials for Industries: The sector supplies raw materials to various agro-based industries, such as textiles, sugar, and edible oils. For example, India is a leading producer of cotton, which fuels the textile industry, a significant contributor to exports and employment.
4.Socio-Cultural Significance: Agriculture influences cultural practices and festivals. Celebrations like Pongal, Baisakhi, and Onam are harvest festivals, highlighting the integral role of agriculture in social traditions.