Introduction

Gandhara art, flourishing between the 1st and 5th centuries CE in present-day Afghanistan and Pakistan, uniquely blends Indian, Central Asian, and Greco-Bactrian artistic traditions, reflecting cultural syncretism.

Body

1.Central Asian Elements

i.Influence of Kushans: Under Kushan rule, Central Asian motifs such as curved drapery, turbaned figures, and robust facial features appeared in sculptures.

ii.Iconography: Bodhisattvas and other deities were often depicted with Central Asian attire, including boots and heavy cloaks, highlighting nomadic influences.

iii.Use of Stucco: Central Asian influence popularized stucco over stone for detailed sculptures.

2.Greco-Bactrian Elements