2014 GS3 MAINS PYQ SOLVED

1. Normally countries shift from agriculture to industry and then later to services, but India shifted directly from agriculture to services. What are the reasons for the huge growth-services vis-a-vis industry in the country? Can India become a developed country without a strong industrial base?

Introduction

India’s economic transition skipped the typical industry-led growth, moving directly from agriculture to services. This unusual pattern raises questions about sustainable development and the role of industry.

Body

1.Reasons for Growth of Services Over Industry

i.Colonial Legacy: Limited industrialization under British rule left India with a weak industrial base post-independence.

ii.Liberalization Impact: Post-1991 reforms favoured IT, telecom, and financial services, driving rapid service sector growth. Example: IT services contribute 9% to GDP (NASSCOM, 2022).

iii.Skill Availability: A large English-speaking workforce enabled success in global IT and BPO markets. Example: India’s IT-BPM sector exports reached $227 billion in 2022-23.

iv.Infrastructure Gaps: Insufficient power, transport, and logistics deterred industrial expansion.

MainsPYQSolved - gs 3

1. Normally countries shift from agriculture to industry and then later to services, but India shifted directly from agriculture to services. What are the reasons for the huge growth-services vis-a-vis industry in the country? Can India become a developed country without a strong industrial base?

Introduction

Body